Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common problem in children, and is increasingly being recognized as a cause of daytime attention and behavioral problems. Unlike adults with sleep apnea, who are often overweight and frequently wake up at night, children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea are more difficult to recognize and diagnose.

Snoring is a common symptom in children with obstructive sleep apnea, however it is important to remember that between 10-20 percent of normal children snore on a regular or intermittent basis.  In addition to continuous loud snoring, other symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in children include:

• failure to thrive (weight loss or poor weight gain)
• mouth breathing
• enlarged tonsils and adenoids
• problems sleeping and restless sleep
• excessive daytime sleepiness
• daytime cognitive and behavior problems, including problems paying attention, aggressive behavior and hyperactivity, which can lead to problems at school

Children suspected of having Obstructive Sleep Apnea should usually be evaluated by a Pediatric ENT specialist for further evaluation and treatment.

Although most young children with OSA are not overweight, if a child is overweight, that might contribute to his symptoms. Weight loss is therefore important for overweight children with obstructive sleep apnea.  Other underlying medical conditions, especially allergies, should also be treated. A nasal steroid might help improve nasal obstruction and OSA symptoms in children who also have allergies. The main treatment for kids with OSA is surgical removal of the child's enlarged tonsils and adenoids.

It’s very important that you know the following about your child and sleep apnea:

• As in adults, obstructive sleep apnea can cause a lot of complications, including poor growth, headaches, high blood pressure and other heart and lung problems.
• Children with Down Syndrome are at big risk for OSA and should be closely watched for symptoms. Other medical conditions, including various neuromuscular and central nervous system abnormalities, are also often associated with OSA.

If your child displays any of the symptoms be sure to have him examined by a doctor so that an accurate diagnosis can be made and proper treatment for the problem administered.

Source: Pediatric Basics By Vincent Iannelli, M.D., About.com Guide